Strengthening Human Trafficking Strategy : Impact of Palermo Protocol transposition into Spanish Legal Framework on Traffic in Human Beings investigation and prosecution in Spain
Abstract
This dissertation is undertaken within the Spanish context with the purpose of analysing the impact of Palermo Protocol on the Investigation and Prosecution of THB cases, with the aim to obtain extrapolating conclusions at European level. Spain provides the ideal scenario to carry out this research since the Palermo Protocol has been approved in 2000, entered into force in 2003 and was transposed in 2010. Therefore, the impact of the legal definition of THB set forth in the article 3 of Palermo Protocol (Transposed into the Spanish Penal Code in the article 177 bis) can be analysed in contrast with the period of time before, when there was none specific THB legal framework rather than alternative legal provisions more link to human smuggling and migration.
Description
1. Introduction ; 1.1. Context ; 1.2. Research problem and relevance ; 1.3. Aim of the research ; 1.4. Research questions ; 1.5. Ethics ; 2. Literature review ; 3. Legal framework ; 3.1. International legal framework ; 3.2. National legal and institutional framework ; 3.3. Evolution of THB legal framework in Spain ; 4. Research methodology ; 4.1. Research strategy ; 4.2. Aim of the research ; 4.3. Data collection ; 4.4. Data analysis ; 4.5. Sample strategy ; 4.6. Quality indicators ; 4.7. Limitations ; 4.8. Methodology of the THB case-law analysis ; 4.9. Methodology of the expert feedback in the field of investigation and prosecution of THB- ćases ; 5. Analysis, conclusions and recommendations ; 5.1. Analysis of results ; 5.1.1. Case law analysis ; 5.1.1.1. Case analysis 2004-2010 (1st period) ; 5.1.1.2. Case analysis 2011-2017 (second period) ; 5.1.1.3. Comparative analysis ; 5.1.2. Expert feedbback in the field of investigation and prosecution of THB-cases ; 5.1.2.1. Main Themes ; 5.1.2.2. Results ; 5.1.2.2.1. Organizational structure ; 5.1.2.2.2. Understanding of THB definitions ; 5.1.2.2.3. Impact of Palermo Protocol ; 5.1.2.2.4. Challenges ; 5.1.2.2.5. Improvements ; 5.1.3. Discussion of the results ; 5.2. Conclusions ; 5.2.1. Spanish approach to THB ; 5.2.2. Gaps on THB research and adequacy of current THB definition ; 5.2.3. Main impacts of Palermo Protocol on investigation and prosecution of THB ; 5.2.4. Resons for the challeging prosecution of THB ; 5.2.5. THB prevention ; 5.3. Recommendations ; 5.3.1. With the purpose to change the approach of actors to THB and enhance the impact of Palermo Protocol ; 5.3.2. In order to improve the understanding of THB ; 5.3.3. With the objective to attain a better articulation of the THB definition ; 6. References